Women in Technology
Research on one woman who works in the STEM field

Anita Borg
Anita Borg was a one-of-a-kind woman. She was smart and intelligent in her field and she was amazing in general. She cared about other women in her field and supported them with some of her work. Not only did she create a platform for women in computer science to communicate and ask questions, she also united women together in this male-dominated field.
Early Life
Borg was born into a loving and adventurous family form Chicago in 1949. They would move from place to place in the country and finally settling down in Washington. They started off in Chicago, moved around the country, stopping in Hawaii, and ended up in Washington where Anita attended college. Her family motto was to enjoy and to have as much fun as possible. As a kid, she was taught to have a great time, so she ended up really enjoying math and science. When she started college at the University of Washington, she took all the advanced math courses and dropped out after two years. She got married very early and moved to New York with her husband. She ended up finishing her education in New York University and eventually earning a Ph.D. in computer science and a Masters in math (Borg, 2001).
Career and Projects
Anita has visited different parts of the computer science field. She first worked with data processing, moved on to operating systems, then to memory system performance analysis, and lastly to messaging systems. During her early years, and after her second year of college in the University of Washington, she moved to New York with her husband to work and help him out with graduate school fees. There, she got into data processing because a friend introduced her to it. In her first job, she was taught to do formula translation, or FORTRAN, which is the first programming language that is of a higher level. She lost this job due to sickness and went on to a small insurance company where she self-taught COBOL, a programming language designed by Grace Hopper for business data processing. After her time in this company, she went and got her Ph.D. in NYU. While in NYU, she met a professor who introduced her into the world of operating systems. She was really interested in operating systems and interested in building it that she went to work for a startup called Auragen Systems Corporation after obtaining her Ph.D. While she was working on her fault-tolerant operating system [1], she submitted a paper about this system to the Symposium on Operating System Principles (SOSP). The ideas in her paper were amazing but the paper itself needed work, so she got a second chance to rework her paper. She ended up giving a talk at this conference to very well known people in the operating system world. At that time, no one knew anything about startups, so during the fault-tolerant OS project, the company failed and a major stockholder of Auragen called Nixdorf Computer hired her to continue her work in Germany. There, she finished the fault-tolerant operating system and then moved to California. While there, she joined Digital Equipment Corporation, the same company where Grace Hopper became a lecturer after retiring from the navy (Linik, 2015). It was in DEC that she worked on memory systems performance analysis. During her time there, she founded built MECCA [2], a message-enabled communication and information system. It was used for Systers, an email network community she founded that any women in the computer science field can join and ask questions. This community helped build communication between women in the same field and connected them. It was also in this time where she co-founded the Grace Hopper Celebration of Women in Computing [3]. This conference welcomed everyone especially women in the computer science field. It was originally a get-together for the women the computer science field to share their work. Now, this conference became a celebration of women in computing and a gathering for women and companies to create a community. Not long after, she went to work for Xerox PARC and founded the Institute for Women and Technology [4]. The aim of this is to bring more women and minorities to the field of science and technology. At first, she struggled with funding, but later on, her dream came true once she moved to work for Xerox PARC (Borg, 2001).
Professional vs. Public
In the computer science field, Anita Borg is fairly famous and notable, especially amongst women. Her fame came from the communities she built throughout her lifetime. Her three most notable works were the founding of Systers, Grace Hopper Celebration of Women in Technology, and Institute for Women and Technology, later named as Anita Borg Institute for Women and Technology. These communities united women from all over the field and made women feel welcomed into a male-dominated field. On the other hand, she is not very well known in the public eye. This is because most computer scientist don’t show up on magazine covers, newspaper headlines or shown as public figures. The fact that Anita was a woman in a mostly male field did not help her public appearances. To people in the field, she is well known, but to the common public, she is not very notable. Because of this reason, some information about her was difficult to find. Information about not-so-well-known companies she worked for was impossible to find. Some facts were readily accessible through Janet Abbate’s interview with her. Abbate asked many questions about her work as a computer scientist and as a woman (Borg, 2001).

Conclusion
As a brother to two sisters, I have immense amount of respect for women and especially women who stand up for themselves to change the world. Anita Borg is a role model to me because I aspire to become a successful computer scientist as well. I also want to break the stereotype of only geeky guys can study computer science and succeed in it. Borg’s final advice for young computer scientists are very inspiring and will definitely impact many aspiring computer scientist’s lives. She said (Borg, 2001):
“I think that it’s important not to pay too much attention to the stereotype that you somehow have to be one of these geeky guys, which is completely ridiculous. Not everybody’s like that; most people aren’t like that. Most of the places that I’ve worked in certainly have had some, but you can be anybody you want and enjoy the work. If you like it, there are people whom you’ll find who can share that enjoyment. The stereotype is just a stereotype, it’s not reality; and you shouldn’t let that hinder you.”
Extra Links
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http://www.cs.cmu.edu/~15-440/READINGS/borg-1983.pdf
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Link to Anita Borg's paper on fault-tolerance operating systems
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http://www.hpl.hp.com/techreports/Compaq-DEC/NSL-TN-10.pdf
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Link to a technical note on MECCA written by Anita Borg
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http://gracehopper.anitaborg.org/
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Link to website of Grace Hopper Celebration for Women in Computing
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Link to Anita Borg Institute for Women and Technology
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https://www.youtube.com/user/abiwt
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Youtube channel of Anita Borg Intitute for Women and Technology
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References
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Anita Borg, an oral history conducted in 2001 by Janet Abbate, IEEE History Center, Hoboken, NJ, USA.
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Linik, J. (2015, May 13). How Grace Hopper's Career Cracked the Code for Women in Science - iQ by Intel.
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Images taken from Google.com
Video
This is a video taken from the Anita Borg Institute YouTube page that introduceses how the Grace Hopper Celebration started and talks a bit about Anita Borg